One day in 1870, the British physicist Tyndall went to the lecture hall of the Royal Society to talk about the principle of total reflection of light. He did a simple experiment: drilled a hole in a wooden bucket filled with water, and then used a lamp to remove it from the top of the bucket. The water illuminates. The result surprised the audience. People saw that the shining water flowed out of the small hole in the bucket, the water bends, and the light also bends, and the light is actually captured by the zigzag water.
It has been discovered that light energy is transmitted along the stream of fine wine spouted from the barrel; it has also been discovered that light energy travels along a curved glass rod. Why is this? Isn't the light going straight anymore? These phenomena have attracted Tyndall’s attention. After his research, he found that it is the effect of total reflection of light [2]. Since the density of water and other media is greater than that of surrounding materials (such as air), that is, light shoots from water to the air. When the incident angle is greater than a certain angle, the refracted light disappears and all the light is reflected back into the water. On the surface, the light seems to bend forward in the current.

Later, people created a glass fiber with high transparency and thickness like spider silk. When light enters the glass fiber at an appropriate angle, the light travels along the curved glass fiber. Since this fiber can be used to transmit light, it is called an optical fiber.
1960 The invention of radio and optical fiber
1960 The transmission loss of glass fiber is greater than 1000dB/km. Other materials include aperture waveguide, gas lens waveguide, hollow metal waveguide, etc.
In July 1966, British and Chinese scholar Dr. Kun Gao (KCKao) published a paper "Optical Frequency Dielectric Fiber Surface Waveguide" in PIEE magazine, which theoretically proved the possibility of using optical fiber as a transmission medium to realize optical communication. , And predicted the possibility of manufacturing ultra-low-consumption optical fiber for communication
In 1970, three scientific researchers from Corning Corporation, Marrell, Capron, and Keck used an improved chemical phase deposition method (MCVD method) to successfully develop a low-loss silica fiber with a transmission loss of only 20dB/km.